Parasitoid (Hym., Braconidae, Aphidiinae) Complex of the Black Citrus Aphid, Toxoptera citricidus (Kirkaldy) (Hem., Aphididae) in Costa Rica and Its Relationships to Nearby Areas

Abstract

 A survey was conducted to determine the parasitoid (Hym., Braconidae) complex of Toxoptera citricidus (Kirkaldy) in Costa Rica. The parasitoids were obtained by collecting the host aphid on its host plants, throughout various locations in the country. In total three species consisting, Aphidius colemani Viereck, Lipolexis oregmae (Gahan) and Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) were determined as parasitoids of Toxoptera citricidus (Kirkaldy) in Costa Rica. Faunal interrelationships with the other Central American-Caribbean areas were analysed. L. oregmae was detected to be derivable from two origins, from an unknown incidentally introduced one (hypothetically through the Panama strait from southeastern Asia) and from a purposely introduced population from Guam (via Florida).